Understanding Augmentative & Alternative Communication (AAC)

By: Lindsey Kellar, MA, CCC-SLP

Welcome to our deep dive into the world of understanding Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC). This post is dedicated to families, educators, and professionals who are exploring AAC as a means to enhance communication for individuals with speech and language challenges. We’ll cover the fundamentals of AAC, dispel common myths, and provide practical insights on implementation and funding options.

What is Augmentative & Alternative Communication?

At its core, AAC refers to methods that support individuals in expressing themselves when they face challenges with natural speech. It is designed for a diverse group of individuals, including those with autism, cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, and other communication disorders. Whether through gestures, symbols, or high-tech devices, AAC offers a vital pathway to communication.

The Importance of Communication

Communication connects us to our daily lives. It allows us to express needs, share thoughts, and maintain relationships. For individuals with communication difficulties, AAC can be a game changer, providing them with the tools to communicate effectively and engage with the world around them.

Types of AAC

AAC can be categorized into various types based on the technology involved:

• No-Tech Options: Methods such as gestures, facial expressions, and sign language.
• Low-Tech Options: Tools like communication boards or books that utilize symbols and pictures.
• High-Tech Options: Advanced devices that generate speech or text, such as speech-generating devices and apps.

Who Can Benefit from AAC?

Many individuals can benefit from AAC, including:

• Children with developmental disabilities.
• Adults recovering from strokes or other medical conditions affecting speech.
• Individuals with degenerative diseases like ALS.
• People who are non-verbal or have limited verbal skills.

Core Vocabulary: The Foundation of AAC

Core vocabulary consists of a small set of words that are used frequently across various contexts. For instance, words like “go,” “see,” or “want” can be applied in numerous situations. Teaching core vocabulary is essential as it increases the user’s ability to communicate effectively in different scenarios.

Examples of Core Words

Consider the word “go.” It can be used in numerous ways:

• “Go outside.”
• “Go fast.”
• “Let’s go!”

These examples illustrate how a single word can be versatile and applicable in various contexts, enhancing communication opportunities.

Common Myths about AAC

As we explore AAC, it’s crucial to address common misconceptions:

• Myth 1: AAC prevents speech development. Fact: AAC can actually promote speech by providing users with a means to communicate while they develop verbal skills.
• Myth 2: AAC is only for those who cannot speak. Fact: AAC can benefit anyone with communication challenges, regardless of their ability to speak.
• Myth 3: AAC should be a last resort. Fact: The earlier AAC is introduced, the better, as it allows individuals to learn and practice communication skills.

Strategies for Teaching AAC

Implementing AAC successfully requires effective teaching strategies. Here are a few approaches:

Aided Language Stimulation

This technique involves modeling language using the AAC device while interacting with the user. By demonstrating how to use the device in context, caregivers and educators can help users learn the functionality of the device.

Modeling and Responding

When a user communicates using AAC, it’s vital for caregivers to respond to their messages. This validation reinforces the user’s communication attempts and encourages further interaction.

Encouraging Exploration

Just like infants babble to explore sounds, AAC users may press buttons randomly to learn about their device. It is essential to respond to these attempts with encouragement and context to help them understand the meaning of their words.

Funding for AAC Devices

Obtaining an AAC device can sometimes be a complex process, but there are resources available to assist families. Here’s a brief overview of the funding process:

• Consult with a speech-language patologist (SLP) for an evaluation.
• Submit necessary documentation to the funding team for review.
• Access support from the funding team to navigate insurance requirements.

Insurance coverage can vary, but many AAC devices are covered by Medicare, Medicaid, and private insurance. It’s essential to work closely with a knowledgeable funding team to ensure all criteria are met.

Real-Life Example: The Impact of AAC

Consider the story of Brock, a young boy who struggled to communicate his feelings and needs. After receiving a TD I110 device, his ability to express himself improved dramatically. He began to share his thoughts, such as “I am thirsty,” which not only enriched his vocabulary but also strengthened his connection with his family.

Conclusion

Augmentative and Alternative Communication is a powerful tool that can transform lives. By understanding its principles, addressing misconceptions, and implementing effective strategies, we can enhance communication for those who face challenges. The journey of exploring AAC is ongoing, but with the right support, individuals can find their voice and engage meaningfully with the world around them.

Want to Learn More?

For further information on AAC and its implementation, feel free to reach out to our Care Coordinators. Whether it’s understanding specific devices or strategies for use, there’s a wealth of information available to assist you on this journey.

This blog post was originally an Autism Exploration Webinar and can be viewed here.